Rujukan Pewarnaan Gram

  1. ↑ John G. Holt; Noel R. Krieg; Peter H.A. Sneath; James T. Staley; Stanley T. Williams (1994). Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (edisi 9th). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. m/s. 11. ISBN 0-683-00603-7. 
  2. ↑ Austrian, R. (1960). "The Gram stain and the etiology of lobar pneumonia, an historical note". Bacteriological Reviews. 24 (3): 261–265. PMC 441053 . PMID 13685217. 
  3. ↑ Gram, H.C. (1884). "Über die isolierte Färbung der Schizomyceten in Schnitt- und Trockenpräparaten". Fortschritte der Medizin (dalam bahasa German). 2: 185–189. Selenggaraan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak dikenali (link) .
    English translation in: Brock, T.D. (1999). Milestones in Microbiology 1546–1940 (edisi 2). ASM Press. m/s. 215–218. ISBN 1-55581-142-6. 
    Translation is also at: Brock, T.D. "Pioneers in Medical Laboratory Science: Christian Gram 1884". Hoslink. Dicapai 2010-07-27. 
  4. ↑ Ryan K.J., Ray C.G. (editors) (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (edisi 4th). McGraw Hill. m/s. 232f. ISBN 0838585299. Selenggaraan CS1: Extra text: senarai pengarang (link) Templat:Full citation needed
  5. ↑ Madigan, M.T.; Martinko J.; Parker J. (2004). Brock Biology of Microorganisms (edisi 10th). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-13-066271-2. Templat:Full citation needed
  6. ↑ Beveridge T.J. (2001). "Use of the Gram stain in microbiology". Biotechnic & Histochemistry. 76 (3): 111–118. doi:10.1080/714028139. PMID 11475313. 
  7. ↑ El-Garnal, A.H., Al-Otaibi, S.R., Alshamali, A., Abdulrazzaq, A., Najem, N., and Fouzan, A.A. Polymerase chain reaction is no better than Gram stain for diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis. Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology, (2009); 75, 101.Templat:Primary source inline
  8. ↑ Microbiology: Principles and Explorations, p 65; Jacquelyn.G. Black Prentice Hall, 1993.
  9. ↑ "Medical Chemical Corporation". med-chem.com. Dicapai 9 March 2016. 
  10. ↑ Leboffe, Michael (2014). Microbiology Laboratory Theory and Application (edisi 3rd). Englewood, CO: Morton Publishing Company. m/s. 105. ISBN 1617312800. 
  11. ↑ "StainsFile - Stain theory - What a mordant is not". stainsfile.info. Dicapai 9 March 2016. 
  12. ↑ http://www.ukm.my/penerbit/mikrobiologi.pdf
  13. ↑ http://www.ukm.my/penerbit/mikrobiologi.pdf
  14. ↑ http://www.ukm.my/penerbit/mikrobiologi.pdf
  15. ↑ http://www.ukm.my/penerbit/mikrobiologi.pdf
  16. ↑ Beveridge T.J.; Davies J.A. (November 1983). "Cellular responses of Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli to the Gram stain". Journal of Bacteriology. 156 (2): 846–58. PMC 217903 . PMID 6195148. 
  17. ↑ Davies J.A.; Anderson G.K.; Beveridge T.J.; Clark H.C. (November 1983). "Chemical mechanism of the Gram stain and synthesis of a new electron-opaque marker for electron microscopy, which replaces the iodine mordant of the stain". Journal of Bacteriology. 156 (2): 837–845. PMC 217902 . PMID 6195147.